Escape Velocity Calculator
Use this escape velocity calculator to estimate the speed needed for an object to escape a planet, moon, or custom body without falling back due to gravity.
Escape Velocity Result
Understanding Escape Velocity
Escape velocity is the minimum speed an object needs to leave a planet, moon, or star without falling back under gravity. It is one of the most important ideas in astronomy, rocket science, and space exploration.
A world with stronger gravity needs a higher escape velocity. This is why leaving Earth requires much more speed than leaving the Moon.
How Escape Velocity Is Calculated
Escape velocity depends on two main things: the mass of the object and its radius. More mass increases gravity, while a larger radius can reduce surface escape speed because the surface is farther from the center.
The basic formula is: escape velocity equals the square root of two times the gravitational constant times mass divided by radius.
Typical Escape Velocity Values
| Planet or Moon | Approximate Escape Velocity |
|---|---|
| Moon | 2.38 km/s |
| Mars | 5.03 km/s |
| Earth | 11.2 km/s |
| Jupiter | 59.5 km/s |
Why Escape Velocity Matters
Spacecraft must overcome gravity to leave a planet or moon. Engineers use escape velocity, orbital velocity, fuel efficiency, and launch trajectory when planning missions.
Escape velocity also helps scientists understand whether a planet can hold an atmosphere. Small worlds with low escape velocity often lose gases more easily over time.
Escape Velocity Calculator FAQ
What is escape velocity?
Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for an object to escape a planet or moon’s gravity without falling back.
What affects escape velocity?
Escape velocity mainly depends on the mass and radius of the planet, moon, or star.
What is Earth’s escape velocity?
Earth’s escape velocity is about 11.2 km/s, or more than 40,000 km/h.
Why is Jupiter’s escape velocity so high?
Jupiter has enormous mass, so its gravity is much stronger than Earth’s, requiring a much higher escape speed.
Is escape velocity the same as orbital velocity?
No. Orbital velocity keeps an object moving around a planet, while escape velocity lets it leave the planet’s gravity.